Difference between revisions of "Gramps 3.2 Wiki Manual - FAQ/zh"

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(How do I import data from another genealogy program into GRAMPS?)
(我如何从另外一个族谱程序导入数据到GRAMPS?)
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===我如何从另外一个族谱程序导入数据到GRAMPS?===
 
===我如何从另外一个族谱程序导入数据到GRAMPS?===
  
 
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最好的方式是新建一个家庭树,在菜单中选择导入选项。你选择由其他程序生成的GEDCOM文件,并导入。
The best way is to create a new family tree, and select the import option in the file menu. Here you select the GEDCOM you generated with the other program, and import it.
 
  
 
===Can I install GRAMPS on a Linux Web Server and use it via a web browser? ===
 
===Can I install GRAMPS on a Linux Web Server and use it via a web browser? ===

Revision as of 08:27, 10 February 2010

本附录包含在邮件讨论和论坛中经常出现的问题的列表。本列表并不一定完整。如果你希望添加问题/答案到列表中,请将你的建议发送到[email protected]


Gnome-important.png Special copyright notice: All edits to this page need to be under two different copyright licenses:

These licenses allow the Gramps project to maximally use this wiki manual as free content in future Gramps versions. If you do not agree with this dual license, then do not edit this page. You may only link to other pages within the wiki which fall only under the GFDL license via external links (using the syntax: [https://www.gramps-project.org/...]), not via internal links.
Also, only use the known Typographical conventions


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也可以考虑阅读以下内容:

Contents

常见问题

什么是GRAMPS?

GRAMPS是一套基因搜索和分析管理系统。换言之,它是一个个人基因程序,依赖于你电脑的功能,允许你存储,编辑和搜索基因的数据。请参照About.

如何获取程序,收费多少?

GRAMPS不收取任何安装 installed费用。GRAMPS是一个开源程序,遵守GNU通用协议。你可以获取源代码,并且可以将程序和源代码分发给其他人。

GRAMPS是否支持其他语言?

支持,现在GRAMPS已经被翻译成了23种语言, 请参照 GRAMPS translations.

如何保存备份?

使用最新版本的GRAMPS!从2.2.5版本开始,软件支持自动备份数据的功能。

备份你的数据并保存在安全的地方十分重要。GRAMPS有一种特殊的可携带的文件格式,它小巧且容易识别,以.gramps 作为文件后缀。

你可以将你的备份文件实时拷贝到保存位置(比如,U盘)。【注意: .gramps 文件是一个压缩文件。双击将会打开GRAMPS程序。如果查看XML文件选择他们并用解压缩工具(比如ark,gunzip)打开,之后你可以解压缩出可读取的XML文件,具体请参照 details】。

GRAMPS 支持快速后台备份,当有错误出现时允许保存。如果安装了正确的软件包,你可以使用修改的程序。

其他方法就是备份隐藏的的目录./gramps. 这个目录位于linux系统的主目录下。备份你的目录将会备份你的数据库和修改的内容。

不要在GEDCOM中保存备份。并非GRAMPS存储的信息可以在GEDCOM中保存。因此,一次导入/导出操作 从GRAMPS-->GEDCOM-->GRAMPS,可能意味着丢失数据。请使用 .gramps 文件格式备份!


不要以GRDB格式备份. GRDB 是一种数据库,它有可能依赖于某些计算机 (但是可能不能在某些电脑上读取数据).对GRDB文件的微小损坏也可能不能修复。请使用 .gramps文件格式备份!

GRAMPS 是否支持 Unicode 字体?

是否支持非罗马字的Unicode字体?

支持,GRAMPS内部支持Unicode (UTF-8), 因此所有的字母可以在全域内使用。虽然某些PDF/PS文档你需要与gnome-print或者openoffice配合使用,所有报告都支持Unicode字体。

安装

在linux,solaris,或者FreeBSD 下安装都需要哪些条件?

GRAMPS 是一种GTK 应用程序. GRAMPS 需要安装 pygtk 库安装在系统上.一旦所有条件满足,GRAMPS就可以启动了。如果GNOME与python绑定安装在系统上,GRAMPS将会有额外的功能。GRAMPS计划推荐2.8版本以上的GTK。

GRAMPS 是否可以在Windows系统下安装?

Linux Genealogy CD 可以作为一个启动光盘,即使你的电脑是Windows系统,你也可以运行Linux和GRAMPS。
Windows installer 也已经可以下载了,虽然我们还没有足够的人手提供对windows系统的支持。 windows mailing list

也可以使用,我们也会尽我们所能解决相关问题。

请参照 GRAMPS_and_Windows 了解在对windows系统中使用的提示集合。

GRAMPS 是否支持Mac系统

Fink项目已经为GRAMPS预留了一些接口给旧版本的OS X系统。Mac操作系统的接口并非由GRAMPS项目直接对应。主要原因是GRAMPS的开发者中没有能使用Mac系统的,而且Mac系统也不是免费软件。

现有版本的GRAMPS不像是由Fink项目维护的,请联系Fink项目了解更多信息。其实,一些用户有一些体会在had success 无论是在本地模式安装还是使用X11并应用一些Fink工具包安装。

GRAMPS 所需最低配置?

我们建议最低显卡像素为 800x600 。 对于版本 GRAMPS 3.1,内存需求已经被削减,它可以有效的运行在256MB内存的系统中。如果系统有512MB的内存,则可以同时运行200,000人的数据。对于典型的数据库,数据库所占的磁盘空间相应的也变大了。针对120,000人来讲,你必须考虑有530MB的数据库空间。图片应该分开存放,因此大容量的硬盘空间十分有必要。

We would recommend at least an 800x600 video display. For GRAMPS 3.1, the memory requirements have been reduced, and GRAMPS can run quite efficiently on a 256MB system, holding considerably more people. A system with 512MB should be able to hold around 200,000 people. Disk space requirements for databases are however considerably larger, with a typical database being several megabytes in size. For 120.000 people you must consider already 530Mb for the database. Pictures are stored on disk separately, so a large harddisk is necessary.

如何升级 GRAMPS?

GNU/Linux 操作系统能够为你解决升级问题。如果它不能升级,那么你需要向你所使用的GNU/Linux操作系统的用户咨询相关问题。

windows用户需要手动升级。


(incomplete answer)

首选项

我可以将日期格式修改为‘日 月 年’吗?

可以,在选项中修改("编辑->首选项")的GRAMPS日期到所期望的格式(比如:YYYY-MM-DD 或者 日 月 年),并制作报告。可是使用全局日期选项。

Collaboration-Portability

GRAMPS 是否与其他家谱软件兼容?

GRAMPS 努力维护与GEDCOM的兼容性(通用的记录族谱信息的格式)。我们有导入和导出的过滤器可以允许GRAMPS读写 GEDCOM 文档。

事实上,GEDCOM的标准并未能得到很好的执行 -- 每个家谱软件都有它喜爱的GEDCOM文档标准。而我们也不断学习新的标准,不断更新导入/导出过滤器。然而,一旦发现未知的标准请咨询user feedback。请随时联系我们,并告知关于GRAMPS不支持的GEDCOM格式,我们将会尽我们努力改进。

GRAMPS 是否可以读取其他族谱软件创建的文件?

请参照前文。

GRAMPS 所输出文档是否可以被其他族谱软件支持?

请参照前文。

GRAMPS 支持哪些格式?

最好的标准就是什么都不缺。GRAMPS已经被验证支持以下类型的GEDCOM格式: GEDCOM5.5, Brother's Keeper, Family Origins, Family Tree Maker, Ftree, GeneWeb, Legacy, Personal Ancestral File, Pro-Gen, Reunion, and Visual Genealogie.

我如何从另外一个族谱程序导入数据到GRAMPS?

最好的方式是新建一个家庭树,在菜单中选择导入选项。你选择由其他程序生成的GEDCOM文件,并导入。

Can I install GRAMPS on a Linux Web Server and use it via a web browser?

This would enable my relations worldwide to access and update it. While GRAMPS can generate web sites, it does not provide a web interface that allows for editing. If this is a requirement, then GeneWeb or PhpGedView are programs more likely to meet your needs. However, you may wish to ask yourself the following questions:

  1. Do I really want relatives or other people to directly edit my genealogy database?
  2. Do I implicitly trust, without verification, any data that people may enter?
  3. Do these people have the same understanding of good genealogy practice that I have?

A better approach may be to provide a web form interface that allows others to enter data that is then held for your examination. You can then decide if the information should be entered into your database.

You may also want to consider the effects of possible downtime of your site if you cannot afford yourself a premium webhosting service.

Reports

Can GRAMPS print a genealogical tree for my family?

Yes. Different people have different ideas of what a genealogical tree is. Some think of it as a chart going from the distant ancestor and listing all his/her descendants and their families. Others think it should be a chart going from the person back in time, listing the ancestors and their families. Yet other people think of a table, text report, etc.

GRAMPS can produce any of the above, and many more different charts and reports. Moreover, the plugin architecture enables users (you) to create their own plugins which could be new reports, charts, or research tools.

In what formats can GRAMPS output its reports?

Text reports are available in HTML, PDF, ODT, LaTeX, and RTF formats. Graphical reports (charts and diagrams) are available in PostScript, PDF, SVG, ODS, and GraphViz formats.

How can I change the default language in reports?

The reports are in the language of your linux installation. You can change it by installing extra language packs, see Howto: Change the language of reports

Is GRAMPS compatible with the Internet?

GRAMPS can store web addresses and direct your browser to them. It can import data that you download from the Internet. It can export data that you could send over the Internet. GRAMPS is familiar with the standard file formats widely used on the Internet (e.g. JPEG, PNG, and GIF images, MP3, OGG, and WAV sound files, QuickTime, MPEG, and AVI movie files, etc). Other than that, there is little that a genealogical program can do with the Internet.

Can I create custom reports/filters/whatever?

Yes. There are many levels of customization. One is creating or modifying the templates used for the reports. This gives you some control over the fonts, colors, and some layout of the reports. You can also use GRAMPS controls in the report dialogs to tell what contents should be used for a particular report. In addition to this, you have an ability to create your own filters -- this is useful in selecting people based on criteria set by you. You can combine these filters to create new, more complex filters. Finally, you have an option to create your own plugins. These may be new reports, research tools, import/export filters, etc. This assumes some knowledge of programming in Python.

Why are non-Latin characters displayed as garbage in PDF/PS reports?

This is a limitation of the built-in fonts of PS and PDF formats. To print non-Latin text, use the Print... in the format selection menu of the report dialog. This will use the gnome-print backend, which supports PS and PDF creation, as well as direct printing. (Note: you might need to install gnome-print separately as it is not required for GRAMPS).

If you only have Latin text, the PDF option will produce a smaller PDF compared to that created by gnome-print, simply because no font information will be embedded.

I would like to contribute to GRAMPS by writing my favorite report. How do I do that?

The easiest way to contribute to reports, filters, tools, etc. is to copy an existing GRAMPS report, filter, or tool. If you can create what you want by modifying existing code -- great! If your idea does not fit into the logic of any existing GRAMPS tool, you will need to write your own plugin from scratch. Help is available on the Developers Portal, or on the Developers mailing list: [email protected].

To test your work in progress, you may save your plugin under $HOME/.gramps/plugins directory and it should be found and imported on startup. The correctly written plugin will register itself with GRAMPS, create menu item, and so on.

If you are happy with your plugin and would like to contribute your code back to the GRAMPS project, you are very welcome to do so by contacting us at [email protected]

Database - GRAMPS file formats

What is the maximum database size (bytes) GRAMPS can handle?

GRAMPS has no hard limits on the size of a database that it can handle. Starting with 2.0.0 release, GRAMPS no longer loads all data into memory, which allows it to work with a much larger database than before. In reality, however, there are practical limits. The main limiting factors are the available memory on the system and the cache size used for BSDDB database access. With common memory sizes these days, GRAMPS should have no problem using databases with tens of thousands of people.

How many people can GRAMPS database handle?

See above. Again, this is dependent on how much memory you have, see GRAMPS Performance.

My database is really big. Is there a way around loading all the data into memory?

Starting with 2.0.0 release, GRAMPS no longer loads all data into memory, which allows it to work with a much larger database than before. The fileformat used is .grdb which means gramps database.

Can I run GRAMPS from a database on a NFS share?

Yes you can.

What does "portable" mean?

A GRAMPS 3 database (and any .grdb file) is very dependent on the software versions that created it. For example, you can't just move your GRAMPS data in these formats to a different operating system (or even a different version of an operating system) and expect that you will be able to read your data. The data is not "portable". Therefore, you can't just rely on backups of these formats, but you should also occasionally export into a format that is portable. There are two possible portable formats: GEDCOM and GRAMPS XML (.gramps or .gpkg). But only GRAMPS XML is recommended, as it faithfully saves all of your data.

Why is the database format (GRDB) not portable?

The biggest issue with GRAMPS portability lies with 'transactions'. With GRAMPS 2.2, we added support for atomic transactions to protect data. With atomic transactions, multiple changes are committed as a single unit. Either all the changes make it, or none of the changes make it. You are never left in a situation with a partial set of changes. A side benefit of using transactions is that database access (reads and writes) are faster.

The problem with transactions (at least using BSDDB) is that it does not allow all the data to be stored in a single file. Logging files are needed to keep track of things. These logging files are kept in a DB Environment directory. We need a separate directory for each file, otherwise the log files can interfere with each other.

In 2.2, we keep the log files under the ~/.gramps/<path> directory, creating a unique directory for each database. The problem is that your GRDB file needs the log files, which are in a different directory. Copying the GRDB file is only copying a portion of the database.

Bugs and requests

What do I do if I have found a bug?

The best thing you can do is to fix the bug and send the patch to [email protected] :-)

If that is not possible, you should submit a bug report

A good bug report would include:

  1. Version of gramps you were using when you encountered the bug (available through Help → About menu item).
  2. Language under which gramps was run (available by executing echo $LANG in your terminal).
  3. Symptoms indicating that this is indeed a bug.
  4. Any Traceback messages, error messages, warnings, etc, that showed up in your terminal or a in separate traceback window.

Most problems can be fixed quickly provided there is enough information. To ensure this, please follow up on your bug reports. Then we will have a way of contacting you should we need more information.

  • GRAMPS should be a .... type of application

It is obvious that GRAMPS absolutely needs to become a (client-server/web-based/PHP/weblog/Javascript/C++/distributed/KDE/Motif/Tcl/Win32/C#/You-name-it) application. When is this going to happen?

The surest way to see it happen is to get it done by yourself. Since GRAMPS is free/open source, nobody prevents you from taking all of the code and continuing its development in whatever direction you see fit. In doing so, you may consider giving your new project another name to avoid confusion with the continuing GRAMPS development. If you would like the GRAMPS project to provide advice, expertise, filters, etc., we will gladly cooperate with your new project, to ensure compatibility or import/export options to your new format of a project.

If, however, you would like the GRAMPS project to adopt your strategy, you would need to convince GRAMPS developers that your strategy is good for GRAMPS and superior to the present development strategy.

GRAMPS Webhosting

How can I publish web sites generated by GRAMPS?

Since GRAMPS generates HTML pages, you can upload the pages to your personal web site. If you do not have a personal web site, and still wish to have your pages available on the internet, the GRAMPS project can provide space for you at the http://library.gramps-project.org, see the webhosting article.

How do I submit my pages to the GRAMPS library site (http://library.gramps-project.org)?

If you wish to submit pages to the GRAMPS library site, you will need to contact the GRAMPS project, typically by sending a message to the gramps-users mailing list. You will then be given a username and password that will allow you to upload your files to the site. After you upload the files (in a gzip'ed tar file), the GRAMPS project will install the pages for you on the site.

After I upload my Family Web Page to library.gramps-project.org, is the password used for write privileges only or read privileges?

In order to prevent abuse of the library.gramsp-project.org site, the password given allows uploads only. If you wish to have a username and password combination to restrict read access to your pages, you will need to contact the GRAMPS project, and we could set this up for you. However, the read and write accounts will be separate accounts.

Do I view the Family Web Page with a url into my browser?

Or through a link on a list of Family Web Pages on the GRAMPS-Project.org site? The main page on the library.gramps-project.org site will contain an index of the available family sites. However, there will be a unique URL for each site as well.

Adding to and editing my database

What is the difference between a residence and an address?

A residence is a place where someone lived for a period of time. An address is the name of a residence formatted in the way expected by the postal system. Therefore each residence can also have an address if that is useful.

How do I change the order of children?

Children can be moved in the Family Editor by dragging and dropping or using the up and down buttons.

How do I change the order of spouses?

Spouses can be reordered from the Relationship View by selecting the 'Reorder' button in the toolbar.

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